Urban Parking Regulation: The Social and Environmental Costs of Urban Attractiveness

Faced with the intensification and expansion of inequalities of mobility, urban transport policies seem to be taking an entrepreneurial turn. In this context I study the main goals of urban parking policies in four cities. Often presented as a key to modal shifts in academic work, parking policies remain a blind spot in studies of local transport policies. Why are these urban policies developed? For the benefit of which city centre users are these policies intended? Can we observe territorial differences in the aims of these policies and their tools? These are the central questions of this article which analyses the priorities of urban parking policies, far removed from accepted notions of the need to promote modal shift.